The pre-history of Telangana refers to the period before written records were available. It is a period when human settlements and civilizations were beginning to emerge in the region. Here are some key points about Telangana's pre-history:
Paleolithic Era: The earliest evidence of human habitation in Telangana dates back to the Paleolithic era, which lasted from 30,000 to 10,000 years ago. Stone tools and artifacts discovered in Telangana's various regions indicate the presence of early human populations engaged in hunting, gathering, and simple agriculture.
The Mesolithic period in Telangana lasted from 10,000 to 3,000 years ago. There was a shift toward a more settled lifestyle and the beginning of agriculture during this time period. Natural resources such as forests, rivers, and lakes began to be exploited by communities. This era's rock paintings, pottery, and tools have been discovered in places like Adilabad, Khammam, and Mahbubnagar.
The Neolithic period in Telangana, roughly 3,000 to 1,500 BCE, saw the development of settled farming communities. Agriculture and animal domestication grew in importance, resulting in the establishment of permanent villages. Excavations at Nagarjunakonda and Yeleswaram have turned up Neolithic tools, pottery, and evidence of irrigation systems.
Megalithic Culture: From approximately 1,500 BCE to 500 BCE, Telangana experienced a thriving Megalithic culture. This time period is distinguished by the development of megalithic burials, which are large stone structures used as tombs for the dead. Artifacts such as pottery, iron implements, and jewelry were frequently found in these burials. Several megalithic sites have been discovered in the districts of Adilabad, Karimnagar, and Nalgonda.
Early Historic Period: The Early Historic Period in Telangana corresponds to the emergence of written records. The Mauryan Empire, followed by the Satavahana dynasty, ruled over the region. During this time, Telangana was part of the larger Andhra region, which saw significant urbanization, trade, and the spread of Buddhism.
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Telangana